How to apply biocontrol agents to soil registration#
Final selection may be dependent on registration and issue of an experimental use permit. Each of the remaining biocontrol agents will then be applied in succession with treatment B applied in June 2011, treatment C applied in July 2011, and treatment D applied in September 2011. The first biocontrol agent will be applied within 1-3 days (May 2011) of transplanting to one entire bed within the treatment plot. Treatments will be applied consecutively to produce a matrix of biocontrol treatment combinations for each fumigant treatment. Biocontrol applications will begin in May, and the timing of each drench application will coincide with periods of seedling root growth. Seedlings will be assayed prior to planting and composite soil samples from each plot will be assayed. At transplant (May 2011), five biocontrol subplots will be established within each of the planted fumigant treatment plots. Weed populations will be quantified within the broader fumigation plot throughout the season. We will quantify fumigant efficacy in the soil. One month post fumigation, we will take buried inoculum samples along with composite soil samples for pathogen analysis. The totally impermeable film (TIF) tarp covering will be left in place for 14 days or longer. Fumigant treatments will be applied in August 2010. We will record soil and air temperature data in each test field throughout the study. Fluorescent pseudomonads will be isolated and quantified. Isolates will be buried along with one bag containing non-inoculated rye grains and recovered for assay 1-month post fumigation. Cylindrocarpon-inoculated grains will placed into plastic hardware bags for burial in each plot. Composite soil samples will be collected for pathogen assay. Random complete block plots will be laid out within each of four replicate blocks at each of two nurseries. We will conduct four fumigant treatments. Following field preparation for fumigation, we will take representative soil samples. Six isolates will be inoculated on sterilized rye grains and grown for 1 month. We will collect Cylindrocarpon isolates and a subsample will be used in the buried inoculum portion of the study. We will sieve soil for residue roots and assay. We will assay soils to determine field uniformity for pathogen occurrence. Project Methods In July 2010, we will collect soil samples from prospective forest nursery fields. OUTPUTS: Periodic updates and project developments will be communicated to nursery user groups through the Oregon State University Nursery Cooperative, peer group pathology meetings and progress reports. A composite seedling sample from each treatment plot will be assayed. Harvest 2011: Plots will be sampled for seedling morphology. September 2011: Biocontrol applications - fall root growth. July 2011: Biocontrol applications - stress conditioning. June 2011: Biocontrol applications - root flush. May 2011: Transplantation subplots will be established and biocontrol applications will begin. August 2010: Fumigant treatments will be applied. July 2010: Soil samples will be collected. (5) Conduct educational outreach to project stakeholders. (4) Assess the economic viability of each treatment. (3) Quantify efficacy of various fumigants combinations on buried Cylindrocarpon inoculums. (2) Apply polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based techniques to soil and seedling samples to assess multiple species of Cylindrocarpon present in Pacific Northwest nurseries. 25-foot buffer rates using totally impermeable film (TIF) tarps. Goals / Objectives The objectives of this study are to: (1) Assess the efficacy of applied multiple biocontrol agents (e.g., Bacillus subtilis, Streptomyces lydicus, Gliocladium virens, and Trichoderma harzianum) to augment control of root pathogenic fungi (Fusarium, Pythium and Cylindrocarpon) in seedlings growing in soils treated with low levels of chemical fumigants. Conduct education outreach to project stakeholders. Assess the economic viability of each treatment. Quantify effecacy of various fumigant combinations. Assess multiple Cylindrocarpon species present in Pacific Northwest nurseries. Assess the efficacy of applied multiple biocontrol agents to augment control of root pathogenic fungi in seedlings growing in soils treated with low levels of chemical fumigants. Conifer bare-root nurseries require effective soil fumigation coupled with alternative disease control methodology (i.e., biocontrol agents) to mitigate a root pathogen complex against falling fumigant rates and loss of chemical fumigant registration. The use of methyl bromide is now being restricted for environmental reasons.
How to apply biocontrol agents to soil free#
Soil fumigation with methyl bromide and other chemical agents has been the operational means to assure that soils are free of weeds and disease. Non Technical Summary Each year well over 300 million seedlings are grown for regeneration purposes in the Southeastern and Western United States.
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